化学中毒是指由于致病物质的直接化学作用引起的机体功能、结构损伤甚至造成死亡的疾病状态。可引起化学中毒的致病物质即称之为毒物。目前全球每天新合成化学物约12 000种,化学物总数超过6 000万种,包括农药、涂料、溶剂、重金属、家用化学品、药品等。我国广阔的疆域、多样的地貌造就了生物的多样性,已知水陆生有毒动物千余种,有毒植物800余种,有毒蘑菇300余种。2010年 Chemical poisoning refers to the condition of the body caused by the direct chemical action of the causative substance, structural damage or even death. Pathogenic substances that can cause chemical poisoning are known as poisons. At present, there are about 12,000 kinds of newly synthesized chemicals in the world every day, and the total number of chemicals exceeds 60 million, including pesticides, coatings, solvents, heavy metals, household chemicals and medicines. Our vast territory and diverse landscapes have created biological diversity. More than 1,000 known species of terrestrial toxic animals, more than 800 poisonous plants and over 300 poisonous mushrooms are known. year 2010