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目的了解巴彦尔市2013-2015年麻疹流行病学特征并对其进行分析,为指导该市麻疹疫情防控提供有效方法和依据。方法通过麻疹监测信息系统收集监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法对2013-2015年巴彦淖尔市麻疹流行特征进行分析。结果 2013-2015年全市共报告麻疹病例198例,年均发病率3.90/10万,各旗县区均有病例报告,差别较大,其中乌拉特前旗报告病例最多、乌拉特后旗报告最少,分别占55.56%、1.52%。发病年龄主要集中在0~4岁,≤8月龄73例,占病例总数的36.87%;>8月龄30例,占病例总数的15.15%。男女性别比为1.15∶1。结论 2013-2015年巴彦淖尔市麻疹流行仍为传统流行模式,春季高发,有暴发又有散发,小年龄组病例比例较高。应进一步提高重点地区以及重点人群疫苗接种覆盖率,定期开展查漏补种,减少甚至消除免疫空白人群,及时处理麻疹暴发疫情。
Objective To understand and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Bayanul city from 2013 to 2015 and provide an effective method and basis for the prevention and control of the measles epidemic in this city. Methods The surveillance data were collected through the measles surveillance information system and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Bayannao’er City during 2013-2015. Results A total of 198 measles cases were reported in the city from 2013 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 3.90 per 100 000. There were case reports in all counties and counties, with the largest number of reported cases in Wulateqianqi and the least in Wulatehouqi , Accounting for 55.56% and 1.52% respectively. The age of onset mainly concentrated in 0 ~ 4 years old, 73 cases ≤ 8 months old, accounting for 36.87% of the total cases; 30 cases> 8 months old, accounting for 15.15% of the total cases. The ratio of male to female is 1.15: 1. Conclusions The epidemic of measles in Bayannao’er City during 2013-2015 is still in the traditional epidemic pattern with high incidence in spring, with outbreak and distribution, with a high proportion of cases in the younger age group. Vaccination coverage in key areas and key populations should be further improved, leak detection and replanting should be carried out on a regular basis to reduce or eliminate the immune blank population and promptly handle the outbreak of measles.