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目的了解强制隔离戒毒所HIV/AIDS患者中结核病症状筛查阳性水平,提高结核病防治知识知晓率。方法采取典型调查的方法,确定四川省资阳市某强制隔离戒毒所为研究现场。使用“结核病可疑症状筛查问卷”对HIV/AIDS患者进行筛查,筛查阳性者通过痰涂片和X线检查确诊;同时使用《结核病/艾滋病防治宣传折页》对HIV/AIDS患者进行宣传教育的干预,并在干预前后进行知晓率调查。共纳入605例患者,使用χ2检验比较了宣传前后知晓率的改变。结果患者全部为男性,平均年龄(31.5±6.70)岁,99.5%(602/605)仅有初中及以下文化程度。结核病症状筛查阳性率为10.1%(61/605),主要症状为咳嗽、咳痰持续2周以上等。症状筛查阳性者结核病检出率为21.3%(13/61),HIV/AIDS患者结核病检出率为2.1%(13/605)。干预前后,患者总知晓率分别为20.8%和87.1%(χ2=2174.261,P=0.000),各单题知晓率也有显著性提高。结论强制隔离戒毒所应成为开展结核病/HIV防治工作的重点场所,今后需进一步规范强制隔离戒毒所HIV/AIDS患者结核病症状筛查流程,提高HIV/AIDS患者结核病防治知晓率。
Objective To understand the positive screening of tuberculosis symptoms in HIV / AIDS patients with compulsory isolation of detoxification and improve the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Methods A typical survey method was adopted to determine a compulsory isolated detoxification center in Ziyang, Sichuan Province as the research site. HIV / AIDS patients were screened using the “Tuberculosis Susceptibility Screening Questionnaire” and confirmed by sputum smear and X-ray examinations. HIV / AIDS patients were also treated using the “Tuberculosis / AIDS Prevention and Treatment Flyer” Conduct publicity and education interventions and conduct awareness surveys before and after interventions. A total of 605 patients were enrolled and the changes in awareness rates were compared before and after using the χ 2 test. Results All patients were male, with an average age of (31.5 ± 6.70) years and 99.5% (602/605) with only junior high school education and below. The positive rate of tuberculosis symptom screening was 10.1% (61/605), the main symptoms were cough, sputum lasting more than 2 weeks and so on. The positive detection rate of TB was 21.3% (13/61), and that of HIV / AIDS was 2.1% (13/605). Before and after intervention, the total awareness rate of patients was 20.8% and 87.1% (χ2 = 2174.261, P = 0.000), and the awareness rate of each single item was also significantly improved. Conclusion Compulsory isolation of drug addicts should become the focus of tuberculosis / HIV prevention and treatment work. In the future, it is necessary to further standardize the process of tuberculosis symptom screening among HIV / AIDS patients with compulsory isolation of drug addicts and to raise the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control in HIV / AIDS patients.