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目的了解慈溪市肺结核病流行特征,为制订防控策略提供依据。方法描述性分析慈溪市1994—2012年发现登记的活动性肺结核病例资料。结果1994—2012年全市共报告活动性肺结核10 698例,年均报告发病率为78.23/10万,死亡41例,病死率0.4%;报告发病率由1994年的17.95/10万上升至2012的75.34/10万。第1季度占全年病例数的29.3%(3 129/10 698);新发涂阳病例以25~44岁青壮年为主,占49.1%(2 116/4 313);男女性别比2.2∶1。流动人口活动性肺结核占53.0%(5 671/10 698),其中新发涂阳占48.6%(2 096/4 313),治愈1 773例,治愈率84.6%。结论慈溪市肺结核病疫情较为严峻,报告发病率呈上升态势,流动人口是肺结核病控制的重点和难点,须进一步加强管理力度。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Cixi City and provide the basis for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive analysis of active tuberculosis cases registered in Cixi from 1994 to 2012. Results A total of 10 698 cases of active tuberculosis were reported in the city from 1994 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 78.23 / 100 000 and deaths of 41 and a case fatality rate of 0.4%. The reported incidence increased from 17.95 / 100,000 in 1994 to 2012 75.34 / 100000. Accounting for 29.3% (3 129/10 698) of the total number of cases in the first quarter; newly smear-positive cases accounted for 49.1% (2 116/4 313) of the young adults aged 25 to 44 years; the ratio of men to women was 2.2: 1. Among the floating population, 53.0% (5671/10 698) were active pulmonary tuberculosis, of which 48.6% (2 096/4 313) were new smear positive and 1 773 were cured, the cure rate was 84.6%. Conclusions The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Cixi City is relatively severe with the reported incidence rising. The floating population is the key and difficult point in the control of tuberculosis. It is necessary to further strengthen the management.