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“擦生”,就是在铁制小农具表面涂上一层高碳低硅“生料”来提高小农具的使用寿命。据史载(北史卷八十九,艺术列传),早在一千四五百年前的东晋南北朝时代(南北朝东魏、北齐间,公元650年左右)在“百炼钢”的基础上创造发明了一种“灌钢冶炼法”。此法原理很简单,就是利用白生铁含碳高,熟铁含碳低的特点,将生铁熔化成铁水,浇到烧红了的熟铁表面,一方面使熟铁渗碳,一方面通过强烈氧化使熟铁表面脱除锈渣,这样就变成了强度高且韧性好的钢。最初这种钢只用于刀剑制造(綦母怀文的宿铁刀,见北齐书卷四十九,方伎列传)。綦母怀文记载了制造“宿刀”的技术。所谓“宿”,就是将熟铁用少量熔化的生铁进行
“Wipe students,” is the surface of small iron tools coated with a layer of high-carbon low-silicon “raw material” to improve the life of small tools. According to Shi Zai (History of the North Volume 89, art biography), as early as 1440 years ago in the Eastern Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties era (Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty, between 650 AD) on the basis of “100 steel” Invented a “steel smelting law.” The principle is very simple, that is, the use of high-carbon white pig iron, low iron and wrought iron characteristics, the pig iron melted into molten iron, poured into the red hot wrought iron surface, on the one hand soaked iron and iron, on the one hand through strong Oxidation of wrought iron surface to remove rust, so that has become a high strength and toughness of the steel. This steel was originally used only for the manufacture of swords (Suyin Huaiwen’s Suyao Dao, see Northern Qi Volume 49, Fang Ji Biography).綦 mother Huai Wen recorded the manufacture of “knife” technology. The so-called “sink” is to use a small amount of wrought iron pig iron melting