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目的：探讨长期MCAO后丘脑、黑质网状部(SNr)微管相关蛋白-2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的变化。方法：弱只SD大鼠分为7组，每组5只。Tamura法制作动物模型。脑切片分别用鼠脑MAP-2、GFAP抗体，ABC法染色。观察丘脑的面积改变，SNr面积和长度的改变；SNr神经细胞和胶质细胞数的变化。结果：丘脑面积逐渐缩小；SNr面积长度及神经细胞减少，胶质细胞增加。脑缺血后1个月MAP-2减少，GFAP增加，6个月GFAP丝极消失。结论：神经细胞减少和胶质细胞增加可能是长期MCAO后丘脑和SNr萎缩的基础。“,”Aim: To investigate the changes of MAP-2 and GFAP of the distal areas after long-term MCAO. Methods: Thirty five rats were divided into 7 groups. Each group has 5 rats. Ischemic models were done by Tamura method. The brain slices were stained with MAP-2 and GFAP by ABC method to research the changes of areas of the thalamus, the changes of areas and length of the SNr and the changes of the counts of neurons and gliocytes in the SNr. Results:The areas of the thalamus and the SNr were shrunk. In the SNr of the MCAO side, the length and neurons were reduced gradually and gliocytes were increased. MAP-2 stains were lessened and GFAP increased gradually after 1 month MCAO and GFAP filament disappeared after 6 mouth MCAO. Conclusion: Neurons reduction and gliocytes increase are the base of the atrophy of the thalamus and SNr of distal areas after long-term MCAO.