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将内循环吸附与膜分离技术联合,开发一种新型饮水除氟工艺。为明确工艺特性,以模拟高氟水为实验原水,采用连续流小试装置,通过单因素实验和响应面法分析了HRT、吸附剂投加量2个重要参数对工艺除氟效能的影响规律。结果表明,HRT与活性Al_2O_3投加量对工艺的除氟效能均存在显著影响,在一定条件下存在最优值。响应面分析结果表明,最佳条件为:HRT=3.2 h,活性Al_2O_3投加量为5 g·L-1。该条件下,出水氟浓度最低可降至0.2 mg·L-1,在瞬时出水氟浓度与累积出水平均氟浓度超标前,单位活性Al_2O_3的处理水量分别为1.15 t·kg-1和1.36 t·kg-1;工艺运行过程中,TMP处于较低水平且增加缓慢,表明膜污染程度较小;基于吸附原理与物料平衡原理建立了工艺连续流动态数学模型,模拟得出的出水氟浓度动态变化曲线与实测结果较为一致。
The inner loop adsorption and membrane separation technology combined to develop a new drinking water fluoride removal process. In order to clarify the process characteristics, simulated high-fluorine water was used as raw water, and the continuous flow test equipment was used. The influence of two important parameters of HRT and dosage of adsorbent on the performance of fluoride removal was analyzed by single factor experiment and response surface method . The results show that the addition of HRT and active Al 2 O 3 have a significant effect on the fluoride removal efficiency of the process, and the optimal value exists under certain conditions. Response surface analysis showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: HRT = 3.2 h, and the dosage of active Al 2 O 3 was 5 g · L -1. Under this condition, the lowest concentration of effluent fluorine could be reduced to 0.2 mg · L-1. Before the instantaneous effluent fluoride concentration and cumulative effluent fluoride concentration were exceeded, the amount of treated water per unit of active Al 2 O 3 was 1.15 t · kg -1 and 1.36 t · kg-1. During the operation of the process, TMP was at a low level and increased slowly, indicating that the degree of membrane fouling was small. Based on the principle of adsorption and material balance, a mathematical model of continuous flow of process was established. Curve and the measured results are more consistent.