软骨内骨化发生于肢体芽及生长板的形态形成中,也发生于骨折后的骨痂形成中。骨形态形成蛋白(BMPs)及维甲酸(RA)是涉及在肢体发育中的两类可扩散的形态原样分子(morphogen-like molecules)。它们是模型形成的有力调节者,也涉及组织的增殖与分化。骨折过程中有软骨内骨化,这提示形态原样分子在骨折中也有作用。本文复习有关骨形成中的形态原样分子的文献,并探讨它们在骨折愈合中的作用。 Endochondral ossification occurs in the formation of limb buds and growth plates, as well as in the formation of callus after fractures. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and retinoic acid (RA) are two types of diffusible morphogen-like molecules involved in limb development. They are powerful regulators of the formation of the model and also involve the proliferation and differentiation of tissues. Endochondral ossification occurs during fracture, suggesting that morphologically intact molecules also have a role in fractures. This article reviews the literature on morphologically intact molecules in bone formation and explores their role in fracture healing.