[一]废名,原名冯文炳,字蕴仲,湖北黄梅城关人。一九○一年十一月九日(辛丑年九月二十九日)生。祖父原是篾匠,即制作竹器(包括家具)的手工业工人;父亲是读书人,以教书为业;两个叔父经营商业(开布店)。当时冯家是大家庭,渐渐置了一些田产,盖了一重新屋,是小康之家。废名兄弟三人,都是读书人,都是省立第一师范学校的毕业生,后来也都是小学教师。废名在兄弟中排行第二。他幼时在家乡私塾里就读,十五岁离家到省城武昌上中学、上师范、当教师;一九二二年二十一岁时考入北京大学预科,两年后进入本科英文学系;一九二七年张作霖入北京, [A] Fei name, formerly known as Feng Wenbing, word Yun Chung, Huangmei Chengguan in Hubei. She was born on September 9, 1901 (September 19, Xin Chou). His grandfather used to be a stingray, a handicraft worker who made bamboo furniture (including furniture); his father was a book-reading writer, teaching a profession; and two uncle ran a business (open shop). At that time, Feng family was a big family, gradually set up some fields, built a new house, is a well-off home. Fei Ming brothers three, are scholar, are the first provincial normal school graduates, and later also are primary school teachers. Fei name ranked second in the brother. When he was young, he was studying in his private hometown. When he was fifteen, he left home for Wuchang Middle School, teacher training and teacher in the provincial capital. He was admitted to Peking University Preparatory School at 21 in 1922 and entered undergraduate English study two years later Department of Zhang Tulin in 1927 into Beijing,