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玛莎·努斯鲍姆从文学想象中构建了诗性正义,以具有“畅想”和同情能力的诗人作为正义的裁判。然而,“诗性正义”所运用的想象与同情却让人质疑其对公共生活的适用性。作为诗性正义的理论来源,苏格兰启蒙思想回应了这种质疑。休谟和斯密这两位苏格兰启蒙运动的杰出代表,在情感的基础上建构了一套经济、政治和法律的正义论,而“旁观者”、“同情”是这种正义论的关键概念。诉诸经济正义、政治正义和法律正义,休谟和斯密展现了公共生活中的社会秩序。苏格兰启蒙思想家所构想的以情感为原点的社会秩序论,契合中国社会长期以来的理论传统。处于转型时期的当代中国可以从重视人情伦常的传统中发掘合适的理论,并汲取苏格兰启蒙思想中的道德情感论,在经济、政治和法律领域做出自己的理论探索。
Martha Nussbaum constructs poetic justice from literary imagination and uses the poet with “Imagination” and compassion as justice judge. However, the imagination and sympathy used in “Poetic Justice” make people question their applicability to public life. As a theoretical source of poetic justice, Scottish Enlightenment responded to this challenge. Hume and Smith, two distinguished representatives of the Scottish Enlightenment, constructed a set of economic, political and legal theories of justice on the basis of their emotions, whereas “onlookers” and “sympathy” are the theories of justice Key concept. Appeals to economic justice, political justice and legal justice, Hume and Smith demonstrated the social order in public life. The idea of social order that is conceived by Scottish enlightenment thinkers and based on emotion is in line with the long-standing theoretical tradition in Chinese society. In the transitional period, contemporary China can find suitable theories from the tradition of valuing human beings and draw on the theory of moral sentiments in Scottish Enlightenment and make its own theoretical exploration in the fields of economy, politics and law.