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背景:建立有效稳定的慢性骨髓炎动物模型是治疗慢性骨髓炎实验研究的基础。以往慢性骨髓炎模型常常建模成功率低,模型不稳定。目的:探讨运用金黄色葡萄球菌制备兔股骨慢性骨髓炎动物模型的实验方法。方法:健康成年新西兰兔40只,麻醉成功后在股骨大转子下2 cm剥离局部骨膜后用3.5 mm钻头的电钻,在该处钻2个纵向相连、部分重叠的骨洞,直达髓腔,孔洞用无菌骨蜡密封,实验组(20只)向髓腔内注射0.1 mL的5%鱼肝油酸钠,再向髓腔内注射0.5 mL的金黄色葡萄球菌液(1×106 cfu);对照组(20只)则向髓腔内注射0.1 mL的5%鱼肝油酸钠,再向髓腔内注射0.5 mL的生理盐水。4周后观察,兔感染部位大体观察、体质量、体温、X射线放射检查、细菌培养及改良Norden骨髓炎评价动物模型的制备情况。结果与结论:实验组20只兔接种细菌1周后开始出现体温升高、食欲减退、跛行等症状,接种局部红肿;2周以后13只兔伤口局部出现渗液、流脓;4周后19只兔均有局部红肿、流脓和体温身高等症状;比对照组兔体温明显升高,体质量明显减轻;改良Norden骨髓炎评分也高于对照组;14只兔分泌物细菌培养试验阳性,结果显示均为金黄色葡萄球菌感染。造模成功率为95%。提示使用金黄色葡萄球菌和鱼肝油酸钠骨髓腔注入的方法,可稳定可靠地制备出兔股骨慢性骨髓炎动物模型,是慢性骨髓炎模型制作的可靠方法。
BACKGROUND: Establishing an effective and stable animal model of chronic osteomyelitis is the basis of experimental research in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Chronic osteomyelitis model in the past often modeling success rate is low, the model is unstable. Objective: To explore the experimental method of using Staphylococcus aureus to make an animal model of chronic osteomyelopathy of rabbit femur. Methods: Forty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were anesthetized successfully. After the anesthesia was successful, the periosteum was stripped 2 cm below the greater trochanter with a 3.5 mm drill. Two longitudinally connected and partially overlapping holes were drilled there, In the experimental group, 0.1 mL of 5% sodium morrhuate was injected into the medullary cavity and 0.5 mL of Staphylococcus aureus solution (1 × 10 6 cfu) into the medullary cavity. The control group (20) injected 0.1 mL of 5% sodium morrhuate into the medullary cavity and 0.5 mL of normal saline into the medullary cavity. Four weeks later, rabbits were observed for general infection, body weight, body temperature, X-ray radiography, bacterial culture and evaluation of Norden osteomyelitis in animal models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twenty rabbits in the experimental group started to develop symptoms of fever, loss of appetite and claudication after inoculation of bacteria for one week and inoculated with local redness and swelling. Exudate and pus were found in the wounds of 13 rabbits after 2 weeks. After 4 weeks Rabbits had local redness, pus and body temperature and other symptoms; body temperature was significantly higher than the control group rabbits, body weight was significantly reduced; Norden osteomyelitis score was also higher than the control group; 14 rabbit bacterial secretions bacterial culture test was positive, The results showed that all were Staphylococcus aureus infection. Modeling success rate was 95%. It is suggested that Staphylococcus aureus and sodium morrhuate injection could be used to prepare rabbit animal model of chronic osteomyelitis stably and reliably, which is a reliable method for making chronic osteomyelitis model.