【摘 要】
：
大肠杆菌染色体具唯一一个复制原点叫oriC.在oriC上染色体的复制起始是个严格控制的细胞过程.首先,复制起始蛋白DnaA与oriC上DnaA框相互作用,使DNA分子弯曲,并在IHF和HU等蛋
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大肠杆菌染色体具唯一一个复制原点叫oriC.在oriC上染色体的复制起始是个严格控制的细胞过程.首先,复制起始蛋白DnaA与oriC上DnaA框相互作用,使DNA分子弯曲,并在IHF和HU等蛋白的帮助下,使oriC双链DNA在其富含AT区解链,便起始复制.DnaA蛋白有两种形式,即ATP-DnaA和ADP-DnaA,前者有复制起始活性,后者则没有.DnaA蛋白浓度的提高和由DRAS使ADP-DnaA激活为ATP-DnaA都会导致额外的复制起始,说明ATP-DnaA是个复制起始正调控因子.DiaA蛋白通过与ATP-DnaA的相互作用来促使ATPDnaA-oriC复合物的形成,从而激发复制起始.然而,在每个细胞周期中,DNA复制起始只发生一次.有不同的分子机制抑制在同一个细胞周期的同一复制原点上重复起始复制.1)复制原点的隔绝防止复制起始.由SeqA蛋白结合在oriC中半甲基化的多个GATC位点,使oriC失去复制起始活性；2)由RIDA使ATP-DnaA降解为ADP-DnaA,使DnaA失去复制起始活性；3)Dps蛋白抑制依赖DnaA蛋白的oriC解链；4)datA序列通过降低作用于oriC的DnaA可用量来延缓复制起始时间.显然,一个复杂的调控网络控制着复制起始.本文回顾、总结和分析了大肠杆菌复制起始调控机制.
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