论文部分内容阅读
目的通过对徐州市涂阳肺结核患者来源、流行病学特征进行分析,探讨早期发现涂阳肺结核病人的途径和方法。方法对徐州市2008-2014年监测上报的15 828例涂阳肺结核病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果徐州市涂阳肺结核年平均发病率为23.31/10万。涂阳肺结核病人的主要发现方式为因症就诊及综合医院的转诊,分别占38.71%和45.67%,男女性别比为3.05:1,发病年龄主要分布在中老年群体;结核病高发的职业主要是农民;肺结核春秋季节发病率较高,发病时间以9月份最多。结论加强医防合作,积极落实结核病归口管理办法,提高涂阳肺结核病人的转诊率。加强健康教育,增强人民体质,对重点人群、重点地区,采取多渠道、全方位的综合防控措施,是控制结核病的有效方法。
Objective To analyze the source and epidemiological characteristics of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Xuzhou and to explore the ways and methods of early detection of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of 15 828 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases reported by Xuzhou from 2008 to 2014 was conducted. Results The average incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Xuzhou was 23.31 / 100,000. The main finding ways of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were symptom visiting and general hospital referral, accounting for 38.71% and 45.67% respectively, the sex ratio of men and women was 3.05: 1, and the age of onset was mainly distributed in middle-aged and elderly groups. The major occupations of tuberculosis were Farmers; tuberculosis high incidence in spring and autumn, the onset time in September up. Conclusion Strengthen medical cooperation, actively implement the centralized management of tuberculosis and improve the referral rate of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. To strengthen health education and enhance the constitution of the people, multi-channel and all-round comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken for key populations and key areas. This is an effective way to control tuberculosis.