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目的:了解云南玛卡主产区病虫害种类,指导生产上进行经济、适用、安全、有效的防治。方法:通过对云南玛卡主产区田间玛卡病虫害种类的系统调查、症状观察、样本采集、病原菌分离、形态鉴定及贝曼氏漏斗法来鉴定确诊。结果:云南玛卡常见病害为:根腐病、细菌性根腐病、褐斑病、叶斑病、根肿病、立枯病和炭疽病。虫害主要是小菜蛾、地老虎、蝇蛆及蚜虫。结论:根腐病和根肿病是云南主要危害玛卡生产的病害,小菜蛾和蝇蛆是云南玛卡上主要并较难防治的害虫。针对这些病虫害提出了相应的防治措施。
Objective: To understand the pest and disease types in the main producing areas of Maca, Yunnan, and to guide the economic, applicable, safe and effective prevention and control of the production. Methods: Through the investigation of the Maca disease and insect pest species in the main producing areas of Maca, Yunnan Province, the symptom observation, sample collection, pathogen separation, morphological identification and Bayman funnel method were used to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The common diseases of Maca in Yunnan were root rot, bacterial root rot, brown spot, leaf spot, clubroot, blight and anthracnose. Pests mainly diamondback moths, tigers, maggots and aphids. CONCLUSION: Root rot and clubroot disease are the major diseases in Maca produced in Yunnan. Plutella xylostella and maggot are the major pests that are difficult to control in Yunnan Maca. For these pests and diseases put forward the corresponding control measures.