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以高速列车为研究对象,分别建立高速列车的车身结构和车室声腔有限元模型,最终得到高速列车声固耦合模型。在ANSYS中计算出车身结构的振动位移响应,并以其作为声学仿真的边界条件。使用Virtual.Lab声学仿真软件对声固耦合模型进行仿真,得到所取观测场点的声压级频谱。为了验证所建立的高速列车声固耦合模型的准确性,在运行的高速列车上测试了车速在240 km/h和260 km/h下观测点处的A计权声压级频谱。经分析得出,车内噪声随着速度的增加而增大,计算得到的声压级频谱与实测结果的变化趋势基本一致。为了了解乘客乘坐高速列车的舒适程度,使用SIMPACK软件对其平稳舒适性进行动力学仿真。得出列车运行时平稳舒适性为优。
Taking the high-speed train as the research object, the finite element model of the body structure and the sound chamber of the high-speed train is established respectively, and finally the acoustic-solid coupling model of the high-speed train is obtained. In the ANSYS, the vibration displacement response of body structure is calculated and used as the boundary condition of acoustic simulation. The acoustic-solid coupling model was simulated by using Virtual.Lab acoustic simulation software to get the sound pressure level spectrum of the observed field. In order to verify the accuracy of the established acoustic-solid coupling model of high-speed train, the A-weighted sound pressure level spectrum at the observation points at speeds of 240 km / h and 260 km / h was tested on the running high-speed train. The analysis shows that the noise in the vehicle increases with the increase of speed, and the calculated spectrum of the sound pressure level basically agrees with the trend of the measured result. To understand the comfort level of passengers traveling on high-speed trains, SIMPACK software was used to simulate their smoothness and comfort. It is concluded that the smooth and comfortable operation of the train is excellent.