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肾移植术后长期大量的使用免疫抑制药物,使患者的细胞免疫、体液免疫均受损,特别是细胞免疫受损更为严重,因而增加了各种感染的机会。感染时间以术后2～4月多见。感染病原菌有细菌、病毒、真菌及卡氏肺囊虫等,常常为混合感染。其中病毒感染以巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)多见,且CMV感染是降低受者和移植肾存活率的重要因素。本文就肾移植术后巨细胞病毒感染的诊治作一综述。
Long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after renal transplantation, so that patients with cellular immunity, humoral immunity are damaged, especially more serious cellular immune damage, thus increasing the chance of various infections. Infection time to 2 to 4 months after surgery more common. Infected pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi and Pneumocystis carinii, etc., often mixed infections. Among them, viral infection is more common with cytomegalovirus (CMV), and CMV infection is an important factor to reduce the survival rate of recipients and renal allografts. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation.