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目的通过调查了解HIV故亡者女性遗属HIV感染现状及目前的生活状况，为下一步服务提供依据。方法横断面研究，回顾性调查，滚雪球抽样方法，云南省芒市、陇川、蒙自3县HIV故亡者女性遗属为调查对象，问卷收集基本信息、高危行为、生活现状及血样检测结果，SPSS17.0进行数据分析。结果共调查229人，汉族、农民和待业或无业为主；HIV检测阳性率61.1%；41.05%的调查对象曾经注射毒品；HIV检测结果为阳性和阴性的女性遗属在丈夫去世后单身时间、月收入有统计学差异，经济来源、受歧视程度、情绪消极程度无统计学差异。结论 HIV故亡者女性遗属吸毒人员较多，面临严峻的HIV感染风险，多无固定经济来源，社会歧视和自身消极情绪明显，需要社会各部门共同关注。“,”Objective Based on research the status quo and requirements of subsistence among HIV related died widows, to provide them further and targeted help. Methods Cross-section study and snowball sampling, retrospective investigation chose HIV related died widows distribute in Mangshi, Longchuan and Mengzi 3 counties in Yunnan to be the investigated object. Use questionnaire to collected demography, HIV related high risk behaviors, living condition and result of blood test. Meanwhile, use SPSS17.0 to analyze the data. Results Investigated 229 people, 41.05%respondents injected drug before. Most respondents are Han people, farmer and waiting job or unemployed. The HIV positive rate is 61.14%. there is statistic difference in single living time and salary per month between positive and negative HIV widows. However, no statistic difference among source of finance, the degree of discriminate and negative degree. Conclusion Most respondents are drug users themselves, they face high risk of HIV infection, social discrimination and their own negative emotions. they have no fixed income and need more concern from whole society.