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马尔库塞在本文中认为,艺术作品的革命意义不在于它的真实内容,而在于它的美学形式。艺术作品按一定的形式要求去整理和重组生活素材,这一事实反映了在“给定现实”中被压抑的人的自然本能对于这种现实的反抗。但这个反抗不应导向人的本能的破坏性的任意渲泄,而应包含一个本能结构中的革命,即重新塑造人的情感和知觉。这种论点自然与马克思主义关于艺术功能的观点有很大距离,应予批判分析。因它是马尔库塞“社会批判”理论的一个重要侧面,故译出供作研究参考。
Marcuse holds the view in this article that the revolutionary significance of a work of art lies not in its true content but in its aesthetic form. The fact that works of art are required to sort out and reorganize the living materials according to certain forms reflects the natural instinct of those who are repressed in “given reality” to resist this reality. However, this resistance should not lead to the destructive arbitrariness of human instinct, but should include the revolution in an instinctual structure, that is, the redefinition of human emotions and perceptions. This argument is naturally far from the Marxist point of view on artistic functions and should be critically analyzed. Because it is an important aspect of Marcuse’s “social critique” theory, it is translated for reference.