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1我国水产品生产和出口现状1.1从捕捞为主到养殖为主 历史上,我国渔业是以捕捞为主,直至上世纪70年代末,捕捞产量仍占70％以上。90年代初情况发生了变化,养殖产量开始超过捕捞产量。到2001年底,我国水产养殖产量达到2 726万t,占水产品总产量的比重上升到 62％,养殖水产品出口15亿美元,占出口总额的近40％,全国从事水产养殖的劳动力达1000万人。现在,全世界的养殖水产品有70％产自中国。水产养殖业拓展了我国渔业的发展空间,促进了农村、渔区产业结构调整,成为广大渔民、农民就业和增加收入的一个重要领域。水产养殖证制度的建立,既是以联产承包为主要内容的我国水产养殖经营方式的制度化和法律化,也是对渔民、农民开发全民所有制滩涂水面,发展水产养殖业
1 Current Situation of Aquatic Products Production and Export in China 1.1 From fishing to breeding mainly Historically, fishery in our country was dominated by fishing. Until the late 1970s, the catch still accounted for more than 70%. The situation changed in the early 1990s and farmed production began to outpace that of fishing. By the end of 2001, China’s aquaculture output reached 72.66 million tons, accounting for 62% of the total aquatic product output, aquaculture exporting 1.5 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for nearly 40% of the total export value, and the labor force engaging in aquaculture nationwide reached 1000 Million people. Now, 70% of the aquaculture products in the world are produced in China. Aquaculture expands the space for the development of fisheries in our country, promotes the industrial restructuring in rural areas and fishing areas, and becomes an important area for the majority of fishermen and peasants to work and increase their incomes. The establishment of aquaculture license system is not only the institutionalization and legalization of our aquaculture management mode with the main content of co-production contracting, but also the development of aquatic aquaculture industry for fishermen and peasants