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大多数人关于滑雪的第一印象是从电影中看到的:爱斯基摩人用狗拉雪橇,快速穿行在茫茫雪海中……滑雪运动最早起源于高纬度的北欧国家,在那里一年中八个月地面都有积雪,居民们为了适应环境,更好地追逐和运输猎物,从而发明了雪板、雪橇等交通工具。14世纪至16世纪,滑雪技术被频繁用于军事作战。1721年,滑雪组织在挪里军队中正式成立了。1780年,挪威人努尔哈木利用软条制成两侧内弯的滑雪板,形成了现代竞技滑雪板的雏形,拉开了竞技滑雪序幕。1877年,在挪威的奥斯陆成立了世界上第一家滑雪俱尔部。1896年,奥地利人扎斯基发明了一种将一双雪橇以某种倾斜角度推入雪坡,以控制滑降速度的方法。1719年挪威成立了第一支滑雪部队。1901年斯堪的纳维亚国家举行了北欧运动会,1921年瑞士举办了第一次曲道滑雪赛,1924年国际滑雪联合会成立,同年在法国沙尼克举行了第一届冬季奥运会。1936年冬季奥运会又增设了阿尔卑斯山式滑雪的比赛。在世界滑雪运动中居领先地位的国家有斯堪的纳维亚各国(挪威、瑞典、芬兰)阿尔卑斯山脉周围的国家(法国、意大利、奥地利、德国和瑞士),以及美国、加拿大和俄罗斯等。从历史战绩来看,斯堪的纳维亚国家在北欧滑雪项目上占优势,阿尔卑斯山脉国家在高山滑雪项目上占优势。
Most people first impression about skiing is seen in the movie: the Eskimos dog sledging, fast walking in the vast sea of snow ... ... The earliest origins of skiing in high latitudes of the Nordic countries, where eight There are snow on the ground, residents in order to adapt to the environment, better chase and transport prey, which invented the snow board, sleigh and other means of transport. From the 14th to the 16th centuries, skiing techniques were frequently used in military operations. In 1721, the skiing organization was formally established in the Norwegian Army. In 1780, the Norwegian Nurhamu soft-made use of both sides of the curved bow made of snow, forming the prototype of modern competitive snowboarding, opened the prelude to competitive skiing. In 1877, the world’s first ski club was opened in Oslo, Norway. In 1896 Austrian Zaskey invented a method of pushing a pair of sleds at a sloping angle into the slope to control the rate of ascent. 1719 Norway set up the first ski force. In 1901 Scandinavian countries held the Nordic Games, Switzerland held the first ski track in 1921, the International Ski Federation was established in 1924, and the same year held the first Winter Olympic Games in Sarnique, France. The 1936 Winter Olympics also added Alpine skiing competition. The countries that dominate the world skiing movement are the countries around Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Finland) around the Alps (France, Italy, Austria, Germany and Switzerland), the United States, Canada and Russia. Historically, Scandinavian countries dominate the Nordic skiing and the Alpine countries dominate the alpine skiing.