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首次在小麦与玉米杂交产生小麦单倍体方法中应用改良垂直穗轴剪颖剪药授粉技术和不去雄授粉技术,并与常规去雄授粉技术进行比较。其结果:平均胚产生频率常规去雄授粉技术为29.9％,改良垂直穗轴剪颖剪药授粉技术为21.4％,不去雄授粉技术为17.2％。3种杂交技术之间植株产生频率十分接近,分别是81.0％、81.8％和78.9％。尽管统计分析表明3种杂交技术间胚产生频率存在着显著差异,但是改良垂直剪颖剪药技术工序少,操作简便,速度快,工效高,应是首先推荐使用的技术。4个小麦品种的胚产生频率在18.5％～29.1％间(平均22.6％),存在着显著差异。植株产生频率在74.4％～87.2％之间,平均为80.6％。
For the first time, the method of improving the wheat haploid by crossing wheat with maize was applied with the improved vertical cobweb-climber-cut pollination technology and the non-male-pollination pollination technology, and compared with the conventional male-pollination pollination technology. As a result, the average embryo generation frequency was 29.9% for the conventional male pollination technique, 21.4% for the improved vertical cobweb-shear forceps, and 17.2% for the non-male pollination technique. The frequency of plant emergence among the three hybridization techniques was very close, being 81.0%, 81.8% and 78.9% respectively. Although statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the frequency of embryogenesis among the three hybridization techniques, there are few procedures for improving the vertical shearing forceps, which is easy to operate, fast and labor-efficient, and should be the first recommended technique. The frequency of embryogenesis among 4 wheat cultivars ranged from 18.5% to 29.1% (average 22.6%), with significant differences. Plant frequency was between 74.4% and 87.2% with an average of 80.6%.