Effects of Topographic Slopes on Hydrological Proecsses and Climate

来源 :Advances in Atmospheric Sciences | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:bennkyoumusi
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Based on previous research results on river re-distribution models, a modification on the effects of topographic slopes for a runoff parameterization was proposed and implemented to the NCAR's land sur- face model (LSM). This modification has two aspects firstly, the topographic slopes cause outflows from higher topography and inflows into the lower topography points; secondly, topographic slopes also cause decrease of infiltration at higher topography and increases of infiltration at lower topography. Then changes in infiltration result in changes in soil molsture, surface fluxes and then in surface temperature, and eventual- ly in the upper atmosphere and the climate. This mechanism is very clearly demonstrated in the point bud- gets analysis at the Andes Mountains vicinities. Analysis from a regional scale perspective in the Mackenzie GEWEX Study (MAGS) area, the focus of the ongoing Canadian GEWEX program, shows that the modi- fied runoff parameterization does bring significant changes in the regional surface climate More important- ly, detailed analysis from a global perspective shows many encouraging improvements introduced by the modified LSM over the original model in simulating basic atmospheric climate properties such as thermodynamic features (temperature and humidity). All of these improvements in the atmospheric climate simulation illustrate that the inclusion of topographic effects in the LSM can force the AGCM to produce a more realistic model climate. Based on previous research results on river re-distribution models, a modification on the effects of topographic slopes for a runoff parameterization was proposed and implemented to the NCAR's land sur face model (LSM). This modification has two aspects first, the topographic slopes cause outflows from higher topography and inflows into the lower topography points; secondly, topographic slopes also cause decrease of infiltration at higher topography and increases of infiltration at lower topography. Then changes in infiltration result in changes in soil molsture, surface fluxes and then in surface This mechanism is very clearly demonstrated in the point bud-gets analysis at the Andes Mountains vicinities. Analysis from a regional scale perspective in the Mackenzie GEWEX Study (MAGS) area, the focus of the ongoing Canadian GEWEX program, shows that the modi-fied runoff parameterization does bring significant cha nges in the regional surface climate more important- ly, detailed analysis from a global perspective shows many convenient improvements introduced by the modified LSM over the original model in simulating basic atmospheric climate properties such as thermodynamic features (temperature and humidity). All of these improvements in the atmospheric climate simulation illustrate the inclusion of topographic effects in the LSM can force the AGCM to produce a more realistic model climate.
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