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针对超宽带通信应用,研究影响印制单极天线阻抗带宽的主要因素,设计基于微带馈电的小型化印制矩形单极天线。按照等效性原理,采用黄金分割比设计矩形振子体;通过接地面上端引入渐变梯形或凹形结构,同时调整馈入端接地面间隙,可实现印制矩形单极天线的超宽带特性。对具有渐变梯形或凹形接地面结构的微带馈电矩形印制单极天线结构进行优化,仿真结果表明,前者的阻抗带宽为2.96～17.94GHz,后者的阻抗带宽为2.9～13.3GHz,而两者的辐射方向基本保持不变。实测结果与仿真结果基本一致,达到了超宽带通信应用的要求。
Aiming at the application of UWB communication, the main factors affecting the impedance bandwidth of printed monopole antenna are studied, and a miniaturized printed rectangular monopole antenna based on microstrip feed is designed. According to the principle of equivalence, the rectangular oscillator body is designed by using the golden section ratio. By introducing a gradient trapezoid or concave structure at the upper end of the ground plane and adjusting the gap of the feed-in termination ground plane, the ultra-wideband characteristics of the printed rectangular monopole antenna can be realized. The microstrip feed rectangular printed monopole antenna structure with gradient trapezoidal or concave ground plane structure is optimized. The simulation results show that the former has an impedance bandwidth of 2.96 ~ 17.94GHz and the latter has an impedance bandwidth of 2.9 ~ 13.3GHz, The radiation direction of the two basically remained unchanged. The measured results and simulation results are basically the same, reaching the requirements of ultra-wideband communications applications.