方言特征词 ,是最能代表和检验某方言的词汇 ,其选取方法有两种 :一是凭经验、语感来选取 ,一是用统计的方法来选取。本文着重探讨统计选取法中的地域分布统计、构词能力的统计、义项统计、使用频率的统计这四种方法 ;并进而分析对所选材料的要求 ,比较这几种统计方法的长短之处。 Dialect feature words, is the most representative and test a dialect vocabulary, its selection of two ways: First, by experience, language sense to choose, first, using statistical methods to select. This article focuses on the statistical selection method in the geographical distribution statistics, word-building ability statistics, statistical items, the use of statistical frequency of these four methods; and then analyze the requirements of the selected materials, comparing the length of these statistical methods .