在原子核物理的计算中,经常会遇到有关核能的计算,今以下述例题来说明核能的几种计算方法.一、利用爱因斯坦的质能方程计算核能例1 一个铀核衰变为钍核时释放出一个α粒子,已知铀核的质量为3.853 131×10~(-25)kg,钍核的质量为3.786 567×10~(-25)kg,α粒子的质量为6.646 72×10~(-27)kg,在此衰变过程中释放出的能量等于_____J(保留两位有效数字).分析与解由题可得出其核反应的方程式为 In the computation of nuclear physics, we often encounter calculations of nuclear energy. Now, the following examples are used to illustrate several calculation methods of nuclear energy. 1. Calculation of nuclear energy using Einstein’s equation of mass energy. Example 1 A uranium decays into a deuteron. An alpha particle was released, the mass of the known uranium nucleus was 3.853 131 x 10-25 kg, the mass of the helium nucleus was 3.786 567 x 10-25 kg, and the mass of the alpha particle was 6.646 72 x 10 ~ (-27) kg, the energy released during the decay process is equal to _____J (two significant figures are retained). Analysis and solution The equation for which the nuclear reaction can be derived is: