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目的 评价胎儿神经管畸形的血清学筛查的意义.方法 回顾分析2014～2016年3年内在我院进行中孕唐氏筛查的80 256名孕妇, 按血清甲胎蛋白AFP的2.5倍中位数倍数MOM值进行神经管畸形低高危分组, 观察所有孕妇的妊娠结局, 分析其与神经管畸形高危的相关性.结果 80 256名孕妇中, NTDs高风险孕妇402例, 其中胎儿有异常者69例, 包括神经管畸形9例, 死胎36例, 早产和其他异常24例;NTDs低风险孕妇中神经管畸形漏检3例, NTDs检出率为75％.结论 对孕妇进行神经管畸形的血清学筛查是减少缺陷儿出生的经济有效的方法.“,”Objective:To evaluate the significance of serological screening for fetal neural tube defects (NTDs). Methods:There were 80 256 women with Down′s screening for middle pregnancy in our hospital for 2014-2016 years.According the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level of 2.5 multiple of median (MOM), we devided the women to NTDs low risk groups or high risk groups, then analyzed the differences in their pregnancy outcomes. Results:We screened 402 high-risk pregnant women, and found 69 cases of abnormality in the fetus, including 9 cases of NTDs, 36 cases of stillbirth and 24 cases of premature birth and other abnormalities.3 cases of NTDs were found in the low-risk group.so, the detection rate of NTDs is 75％. Conclusion:Serological screening of NTDS for pregnant women is an effective way to reduce the birth defects.