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目的 用流行病学方法确定易感者和拮抗者 ,为日本血吸虫再感染的年龄依赖性抗性提供依据。方法 1996年 ,选择南洞庭湖日本血吸虫病洲岛型流行区经常接触疫水的居民 2 5 0人作为研究对象 ,行吡喹酮顿服治疗。随后 ,观察了研究对象日常接触疫水情况 141d,暴露指数以平均每天接触疫水皮肤面积 (m2 )与时间 (min)的乘积 (m2 · min/ d)计 ,并对其行四次方根标准化换算。1998年 ,其中 2 13人接受了粪检 ,并根据粪检结果和疫水接触程度对 2 13名对象进行流行病学易感和拮抗的分类。结果 1998年 ,感染率为 2 3.0 % ,感染度 (EPG)几何均值为 6 4.5 ;感染率在低年龄组 (<10岁 )人群中最高 ,并随年龄的增加而递减 ;在感染人群中 ,男性感染率和感染度均高于女性 (P <0 .0 1)。 2 13名对象可分为 3组 :易感组 (2 3.0 % )、抗性组 (13.6 % )和不确定组 (6 3.4% ) ;平均暴露指数换算值为 6 .2 m2· min/ d,男性高于女性。年龄组的暴露指数和治后再感染度之间存在剪刀差关系。结论 本研究表明 ,流行区人群治后存在对日本血吸虫再感染年龄依赖性抗性。
Objective To identify susceptible and antagonist patients with epidemiological methods and provide evidence for age-dependent resistance of Schistosoma japonicum re-infection. Methods In 1996, 250 residents of the southern island of Dongting Lake who were endemic to the epidemic area of schistosomiasis japonica schistosomiasis were selected as study subjects and treated with praziquantel. Subsequently, the daily exposure to water was observed for 141 days, and the exposure index was calculated as the product of m2 · min / d on an average daily contact with the skin area (m2) of water and the time (min) Standard conversion. In 1998, 2,313 of them were tested for faecal activity, and the epidemiological susceptible and antagonistic classification of 23 subjects was based on the results of the tests and the degree of faecal contact. Results In 1998, the infection rate was 230% and the average geometric mean of infection (EPG) was 4.55. The infection rate was the highest in the low-age group (<10 years old) and decreased with increasing age. Among the infected groups, The prevalence and infectivity of males were higher than those of females (P <0.01). 2 13 subjects were divided into three groups: susceptible group (3.0%), resistant group (13.6%) and uncertain group (6.34%); mean exposure index was 6.2 m2 · min / d , Men than women. There is a scissors relationship between the exposure index of the age group and the degree of re-infection after treatment. Conclusions This study shows that age-dependent resistance to reinfection of Schistosoma japonicum exists after treatment in endemic areas.