□ 居委会具有双重属性,一方面是一个居民自治组织,另一方面又被定位在基层政权的范畴之内。□ 居委会走向自治组织,客观上意味着原先作为特定社会条件的产物的居委会,其历史使命已经至少部分地完成了。□ 居委会体制转变表明,中国基层社会发生变化之后,政治体制和行政体制确实需要有所调整,但也确实还调整得不够到位。 □ The neighborhood committee has dual attributes. On the one hand, it is an autonomous organization of residents. On the other hand, it is also positioned within the scope of grassroots political power. □ Residential committees moving toward self-governing organizations objectively mean that residents’ committees that were originally products of specific social conditions have at least partially completed their historic mission. □ Changes in the system of neighborhood committees indicate that after the changes in grassroots-level society in China, the political system and the administrative system really need to be adjusted, but they are still not adequately adjusted.