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目的了解金秀瑶族自治县自2009年利用国债资金建设饮水工程后农村生活饮用水卫生状况,为进一步改善饮水质量提供科学依据。方法 2010年至2014年每年分别在枯水期和丰水期采集出厂水和末梢水以及地表水和地下水按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T5750-2006)进行监测,所得数据按《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)进行评价。结果全县15.6万人,集中式供水人口12.3万人,占89.43%;调查的8个乡镇106个集中式供水点只有24个点进行净化消毒工作,占22.64%。采集的424份水样水质合格率平均为40.80%,其中枯水期合格率为42.25%,丰水期合格率为39.15%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.48,P>0.05)。水质感官指标、一般化学指标、毒理学指标合格率较高,分别为90.88%、99.41%、100.00%。饮用水主要是微生物污染,其合格率仅为63.44%。结论金秀瑶族自治县农村生活饮用水水质合格率较低,微生物学指标严重超标,应进一步加强水质监测,采取水质净化和消毒措施,保障农村生活饮用水安全。
Objective To understand the health status of drinking water in rural areas after Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County started using drinking water to build drinking water projects in 2009 so as to provide a scientific basis for further improving drinking water quality. Methods From 2010 to 2014, factory water and peripheral water, surface water and groundwater were collected respectively during dry season and wet season in accordance with the Standard Test Method for Domestic Drinking Water (GB / T5750-2006), and the data were obtained according to “ Water Health Standard ”(GB5749-2006) evaluation. Results There were 156,000 people in the county, with a population of 123,300, accounting for 89.43% of the total water supply. Only 24 spots of 106 centralized water supply points in 8 townships were investigated for decontamination and disinfection, accounting for 22.64%. The average pass rate of 424 water samples collected was 40.80%, of which, the pass rate in dry season was 42.25% and the pass rate in wet season was 39.15%. There was no significant difference between the two (χ ~ 2 = 0.48, P> 0.05). Water quality sensory indicators, general chemical indicators, toxicology indicators pass rate was higher, respectively, 90.88%, 99.41%, 100.00%. Drinking water is mainly microbial contamination, the passing rate of only 63.44%. Conclusion Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County rural drinking water quality pass rate is low, serious microbiological indicators exceeded, should further strengthen water quality monitoring, water purification and disinfection measures to protect the safety of drinking water in rural areas.