一、古代关于史诗作者问题史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》在古希腊由氏族制向奴隶制国家过渡的早期已经得到广泛传播。据传在公元前九世纪李库尔赫似乎就已将史诗的演唱引入斯巴达。比较可信的是,公元前七世纪史诗在雅典已为人们所知,并在公元前六世纪初由于行吟诗人的演唱而传播开来。在索伦时期和随后的庇士特拉妥时期,甚至采取了措施,为在大雅典节期间的演唱制定出一些专门的办法。大约也是此时,史诗首次被记录下来。 I. The Ancient Question about the Epic Authors The epic Iliad and Odyssey have been widely disseminated in the early days of the transition from clan to slavery in ancient Greece. It is said that in the ninth century BC Li Courche seems to have introduced epic singing to Sparta. More credible, the epic of the seventh century BC was known in Athens and spread by the bard as early as the sixth century BC. During the Soren Period and the subsequent Patersonatche period even steps were taken to devise some special solutions for the concert during the Great Athens Festival. About this time, the epic was recorded for the first time.