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为了减小数字高程模型(DEM)分辨率对地形指数计算的影响,开发了一种不受DEM空间分辨率影响的地形指数计算方法。选取汉江上游褒河流域作为研究区域,通过引入分辨率因子考虑DEM空间分辨率对单宽上坡集水面积的影响,应用分形方法处理DEM空间尺度对地形坡度的影响,将该算法应用到褒河流域DEM数据的计算中。结果表明:此法可以成功地由低分辨率的DEM数据获得与目标高分辨率精度相仿的地形指数分布,能在一定程度上消除DEM空间分辨率对地形指数计算的影响,因而对无资料地区的水文预报有着十分重要的现实意义。
In order to reduce the impact of digital elevation model (DEM) resolution on terrain index calculation, a terrain index calculation method that is not affected by the spatial resolution of DEM has been developed. The influence of DEM spatial resolution on catchment area of single width is considered by introducing resolution factor into account. The fractal method is used to deal with the effect of DEM spatial scale on terrain slope. The algorithm is applied to praise River basin DEM data calculation. The results show that this method can successfully obtain the topographical index distribution similar to the target high-resolution accuracy from the low-resolution DEM data and can eliminate the influence of the spatial resolution of the DEM to the topographic index calculation to a certain extent. Therefore, Hydrological forecast has very important practical significance.