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马克思人学思想是马克思主义理论体系的重要组成部分之一,本文主要从《手稿》、《提纲》、《形态》三部著作出发,分析马克思人学思想的演进历程。在《手稿》中,马克思主张共产主义实现人类本质的复归,此时马克思人学思想处于初级阶段;而到了《提纲》,马克思从实践的角度理解人类社会和自然界,认为人的本质是一切社会关系的总和,这时的马克思人学思想有了很大的发展;在《形态》中,马克思把人定义为现实的、具体的人,把现实个人作为唯物史观的前提和出发点,从社会历史的角度分析个人,此时标志着马克思人学思想已经达到成熟。
Marxism is one of the important parts of the theoretical system of Marxism. This paper mainly analyzes the evolution of Marx’s thought of humanity from the three works of Manuscript, Outline and Form. In “Manuscripts”, Marx advocated communism to realize the return of human nature. At this time, Marx’s thought of humanism was in its infancy; while in the “Outline,” Marx understood human society and nature from a practical point of view and considered man’s essence as the essence of all mankind In the “form”, Marx defines man as a realistic and concrete person, taking the reality individual as the premise and starting point of historical materialism, from the perspective of social Historical analysis of the individual point of view, this marks the Marxist theory of human learning has reached maturity.