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一、大豆面积和总产量增长速度快,居粮食作物首位。全世界谷物总产量增长速度,1978年比1949年增长138.3％,年平均增长3％;同时期小麦增长169.5％,年均3.5％;水稻增长146％,年均3,1％,玉米增长159.6％,年均3.3％;而大豆增长473.2％,年均6.2％。1978年比1970年增长72.4％,年均7％。1978年和1949年相比,全世界小麦面积扩大35.9％,水稻扩大55.2％,玉米扩大40.8％,而大豆扩大3.3倍。三十年来,美国大豆面积扩大5.4倍,总产增长696％,年均7.4％;巴西大豆面积扩大227.7倍,总产增长279倍,年均21.5％;加拿大大豆面积扩大5.8倍,总产增长578.6％,年均6.8％。阿根廷是新掘起的大豆国,1960年仅1.5万亩,1979年发展到2,400万亩,扩大1,599倍,总产1979年为74亿斤,比1960年增长3,699倍。罗马尼亚1970年大豆总产1.8亿斤,1980年为8亿斤,增长3.4倍。巴拉圭1970年大豆总产为1.04亿斤,1980年达11亿斤,增长9.6倍。
First, the soybean area and total output growth rate, ranking first in food crops. The world’s total grain output growth rate in 1978 increased by 138.3% over 1949, an average annual increase of 3%; the same period wheat increased by 169.5%, an average annual 3.5%; rice increased by 146%, an average of 3,1%, corn increased 159.6 %, An average of 3.3% each year; while the soybean growth of 473.2%, an average of 6.2%. In 1978 an increase of 72.4% over 1970, an average of 7%. Compared with 1949, the area of wheat in the world expanded by 35.9% in 1978 and compared to 55.2% in rice, 40.8% in maize and 3.3 times in soybean. Over the past 30 years, the area of soybean in the United States has expanded 5.4 times, with an increase of 696% in total output and an average annual increase of 7.4%. Brazil’s soybean area has expanded by 227.7 times and its total output has increased 279 times with an average annual amount of 21.5%. Canada’s soybean area has expanded 5.8 times and its total output has grown 578.6%, an average of 6.8%. Argentina is a newly emerging soybean country, with only 1.5 million mu in 1960, 2,400 mu in 1979, an expansion of 1,599 times and a total output of 7.4 billion jin in 1979, an increase of 3,699 times that of 1960. Romania produced 180 million kg of soybean in 1970 and 800 million kg in 1980, an increase of 3.4 times. Paraguay’s total soybean production in 1970 was 104 million kg, up 1.1 billion kg in 1980, an increase of 9.6 times.