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六味地黄丸是著名方剂之一,最早见于宋代钱仲阳之《小儿药证直诀》,脱胎于汉代《金匮要略》所载的八味丸,钱氏在治疗小儿肾虚、肾水不足时,去助阳之附桂,取熟地等六味补阴,名为地黄丸。给后世倡导养阴补肾起了一定的作用,如李东垣的益阴肾气丸(《兰室秘藏、眼耳鼻门》),宋丹溪的大补阴丸(《丹溪心法、补损》),都由此方脱化而来。本方功用以滋补肝肾为主,并能补脾阴,为三阴并补之方。主治肝肾阴虚,虚火上炎所引起的腰膝痠软,头晕目眩,耳鸣耳聋,盗汗遗精,或骨蒸潮热,或手足心热,或消渴,或虚火牙痛,舌燥喉痛,舌红苔少,脉细数等症。近年来,通过广泛深入的临床观察和实验研究,扩大了应用范围,对其应用指征,作用原理,提出了不少新的见解。笔者现将手中所及材料综述如下:
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is one of the famous prescriptions. It was first discovered in Qian Zhongyang’s “Children’s Drugs and Drugs Directly” in the Song Dynasty. He was born out of the Bawei Pills contained in the Han Dynasty “Golden Chamber Outline”. Qian’s treatment of children with kidney deficiency and kidney water is inadequate. To help the Yang Fugui, take rehmannia and other Liu Wei Yin, called Di Huang Wan. It has played a certain role in advocating yin and replenishing kidneys for later generations, such as Li Dongshen’s Yiyin Shenqi Pills (“Blanc Room Secrets, Eyes, Ears, and Nostrils Gates”), Song Danxi’s Dabuyin Pills (“Danxi Heart Method, Mutual Damage”). All came from this side. The function of this party is to nourish the liver and kidneys, and to complement the spleen and yin. Indications of liver and kidney yin deficiency, virtual fire inflammation caused by Yaoxisuanruan, dizziness, tinnitus and deafness, night sweats, nocturnal emission, or bone steaming hot flashes, or hand, foot and heart heat, or diabetes, or virtual fire toothache, dry tongue, sore throat, Less red tongue, pulse breakdown embolism. In recent years, through extensive and in-depth clinical observation and experimental research, the scope of application has been expanded, and the application of indications and principles of its application have brought forth many new insights. The author now summarizes what he has in hand: