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以2年生“红富士”苹果为试材,对比分析了不同覆盖方式(园艺地布、黑地膜、秸秆覆盖及清耕对照)对土壤含水量、容重和叶片百叶重、叶绿素含量及树体净光合速率的差异。结果表明:不同处理土壤含水量明显高于清耕对照,且地布覆盖>地膜覆盖>秸秆覆盖。3种覆盖处理均能显著降低土壤容重,其中秸秆覆盖效果最为明显。不同覆盖处理较对照显著提高百叶干重,秸秆覆盖和地布覆盖显著提高总叶绿素含量。地布覆盖、地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖的净光合速率Pn日变化曲线为单峰型,清耕对照的日变化曲线为双峰型。综合分析,旱地苹果园树盘覆盖均可以改善土壤和树体状况,其中园艺地布覆盖的效果最好。
Taking 2-year-old “Red Fuji” apple as test material, the effects of different covering methods (horticultural soil, black soil membrane, straw mulching and tillage control) on soil water content, bulk density and leaf weight, chlorophyll content and tree Body net photosynthetic rate difference. The results showed that the soil moisture content of different treatments was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the coverage of ground cover> mulching> straw mulching. All the three treatments could significantly reduce soil bulk density, of which the straw mulching effect was the most obvious. Compared with the control, the different cover treatments significantly increased the dry weight of the blinds, and the straw cover and the ground cover significantly increased the total chlorophyll content. The diurnal variation curve of net photosynthetic rate Pn of ground cover, mulching and straw mulching was unimodal, and the diurnal variation curve of tillage control was bimodal. Comprehensive analysis, dry land apple orchard tree cover can improve soil and tree conditions, including gardening cloth cover the best.