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主旨大意的题目往往比较令人头疼，因为你不仅需要概括，而且需要推测出题意图，从出题者角度出发思考问题，这样才能百战百胜。
一般主旨大意题都以如下模式考核：
1. The passage is mainly talking _____.
2. The main idea of this passage is _____.
3. This passage is mainly about ...
4. What is the main idea of this passage?
所以啊，主旨大意题在阅读理解测试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。此类题目一般不易直接找到答案，最简单有效的方法是仔细研究文章开头的第一、二句，因为他们通常是文章的主题句，然后，快速浏览文章首句和结尾句。如果第一句的主题不明，可注意结尾段是否有概括总结，对选项要注意其全面性和概括性。
A
The scientist from the Lockheed Space Company work in Felton, California, with the help of a computer. But the computer is placed in Sunnyside, about 80 kilometers away. What scientists input (输入) is sent by telephone lines to the computer, and after a time, copies of the designs are feeded back in Felton as quickly as possible. Lockheed people have tried several ways of sending the prints, but the most effective seems to be by pigeon. Are pigeons really used to carry messages in these days? They are, and they send the prints faster and cheaper than any other way.
Human messengers are much more expensive and slower than pigeons. The road to Felton goes through mountains, and the driving is not easy. An electronic printout (电子打印输出) system could do the work in Felton, but at a cost of 10 dollars a print. Pigeons carry the designs for about 1 dollar each.
Now Lockheed people have ten pigeon messengers. The pigeons do the work, and they have made Lockheed more famous. You can often read the news about pigeons in the newspapers around the world.
1. The passage is mainly about ___________________.
A. Felton, California
B. the scientists
C. how to work with computers
D. sending prints by pigeon
2. This story is unusual because pigeons ____________________.
A. don’t like carrying things
B. are often expensive to keep
C. seem out of place in the space age
D. aren’t friendly to the scientists
3. Something that’s effective ________________________.
A. usually costs more
B. is something that works
C. is often unhappy
D. is often done by animals
4. Which happened first?
A. Pigeons were used as messengers.
B. Human messengers were used.
C. What the scientists input was sent to the computer.
D. Scientists got their designs.
做过这个综合练习后，我来教大家一套主旨大意题的方法。
主题是文章要着重说明的一个问题，是文章的核心。文章的标题经常是表现主题的点睛之笔。要求考生选出合适的标题，其目的是检查考生对主题的理解。主旨大意题属归纳概括题。找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
一、正三角形写作法
即中心主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。
B
The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.
Which title best gives the idea of the passage?
A. The panda is a popular animal.
B. The panda on TV.
C. Pandas are the most popular toys for children.
D. Panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.
二、倒三角形写作法
即主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。
C
Mr. and Mrs. Morals were very impressed with the Grand Canyon when they visited it on their vacation trip to Arizona. They thought the observatory in Flagstaff was remarkable. They then went to the Phoenix area and were marveled at big surf, the“ocean in the desert”, and also thought that Sun City, the home of many retires, was quite special and interesting. They also went to the Tucson area and enjoyed visiting Old Tucson, the replica（复制） of a western town where many movies and television scenes are shot. Mr. and Mrs. Morals really enjoyed the sights they saw on their vacation trip in Arizona.
1. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?
A. Mr. and Mrs. Morals enjoyed the sights they saw on their Arizona vacation trip.
B. The Grand Canyon left a deep impression on Mr. and Mrs. Morals.
C. Mr. and Mrs. Morals will go to Sun City when they retire.
D. They saw quite a few movies in old Tucson.
三、圆形写作法
即首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
D
Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career.”she said.
“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.”Shu said.
The best headline for this newspaper article is___________.
A. Astonishing Medicine
B. Farmer Loses Arm
C. Dangerous bites
D. Snake Doctor
四、菱形写作法
即主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。
E
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American auto workers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable society.
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?
A. General Motors is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the USA, but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American auto workers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American auto workers.
五、正方形写作法
即中心主题句隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。在这种情况下，读者要把所有的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句。
F
Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.
B. Bingham is a diligent student.
C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.
D. A good lawyer needs good education.
答案
A
1． D。从三段模式来说，在谈prints的发展史，然后第二段开始全篇涉及信鸽。
2． C。故事离奇之处就在于信鸽在现在的时代已经不起作用，然而文章本身能把信鸽作用说到妙处。
3． B。这种类型的题目也在考试中常见。往往学生需要根据一个故事推出道理。根据第二段，有效的东西，不一定是昂贵的，不一定是负载的，但永远是起作用的，就如信鸽。
4． B。细节题。
B
答案是A。文中提到的Stories about the panda. Stuffed pandas，panda postcards实际上都是细节，都是用来说明一个问题：熊猫是一种受欢迎的动物。
C
答案为A。在叙述参观了the Grand Canyon，the observatory in Flagstaff，the Phoenix area，Sun City，Tucson area，Old Tucson等细节之后，作者来了句总结性的话： Mr. and Mrs. Morals really enjoyed the sights they saw on their vacation trip in Arizona. 故A为最佳答案。
D
答案是D。作者前后两次提到Shu Pulong帮助那些被蛇咬了的人，显然D最符合短文的主题。
E
答案是C。短文主要讲的意思是：蜂拥而至的外国便宜小汽车并没有使更多的美国汽车工人下岗。主题句出现在文中。
F
全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节性的事实。因此就答案本身来看，个个都对。但作为main idea除C外，都有片面之感。文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想要告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham接受过良好的教育，所以答案是C。
编辑/孙栎栎
一般主旨大意题都以如下模式考核：
1. The passage is mainly talking _____.
2. The main idea of this passage is _____.
3. This passage is mainly about ...
4. What is the main idea of this passage?
所以啊，主旨大意题在阅读理解测试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。此类题目一般不易直接找到答案，最简单有效的方法是仔细研究文章开头的第一、二句，因为他们通常是文章的主题句，然后，快速浏览文章首句和结尾句。如果第一句的主题不明，可注意结尾段是否有概括总结，对选项要注意其全面性和概括性。
A
The scientist from the Lockheed Space Company work in Felton, California, with the help of a computer. But the computer is placed in Sunnyside, about 80 kilometers away. What scientists input (输入) is sent by telephone lines to the computer, and after a time, copies of the designs are feeded back in Felton as quickly as possible. Lockheed people have tried several ways of sending the prints, but the most effective seems to be by pigeon. Are pigeons really used to carry messages in these days? They are, and they send the prints faster and cheaper than any other way.
Human messengers are much more expensive and slower than pigeons. The road to Felton goes through mountains, and the driving is not easy. An electronic printout (电子打印输出) system could do the work in Felton, but at a cost of 10 dollars a print. Pigeons carry the designs for about 1 dollar each.
Now Lockheed people have ten pigeon messengers. The pigeons do the work, and they have made Lockheed more famous. You can often read the news about pigeons in the newspapers around the world.
1. The passage is mainly about ___________________.
A. Felton, California
B. the scientists
C. how to work with computers
D. sending prints by pigeon
2. This story is unusual because pigeons ____________________.
A. don’t like carrying things
B. are often expensive to keep
C. seem out of place in the space age
D. aren’t friendly to the scientists
3. Something that’s effective ________________________.
A. usually costs more
B. is something that works
C. is often unhappy
D. is often done by animals
4. Which happened first?
A. Pigeons were used as messengers.
B. Human messengers were used.
C. What the scientists input was sent to the computer.
D. Scientists got their designs.
做过这个综合练习后，我来教大家一套主旨大意题的方法。
主题是文章要着重说明的一个问题，是文章的核心。文章的标题经常是表现主题的点睛之笔。要求考生选出合适的标题，其目的是检查考生对主题的理解。主旨大意题属归纳概括题。找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
一、正三角形写作法
即中心主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。
B
The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.
Which title best gives the idea of the passage?
A. The panda is a popular animal.
B. The panda on TV.
C. Pandas are the most popular toys for children.
D. Panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.
二、倒三角形写作法
即主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。
C
Mr. and Mrs. Morals were very impressed with the Grand Canyon when they visited it on their vacation trip to Arizona. They thought the observatory in Flagstaff was remarkable. They then went to the Phoenix area and were marveled at big surf, the“ocean in the desert”, and also thought that Sun City, the home of many retires, was quite special and interesting. They also went to the Tucson area and enjoyed visiting Old Tucson, the replica（复制） of a western town where many movies and television scenes are shot. Mr. and Mrs. Morals really enjoyed the sights they saw on their vacation trip in Arizona.
1. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?
A. Mr. and Mrs. Morals enjoyed the sights they saw on their Arizona vacation trip.
B. The Grand Canyon left a deep impression on Mr. and Mrs. Morals.
C. Mr. and Mrs. Morals will go to Sun City when they retire.
D. They saw quite a few movies in old Tucson.
三、圆形写作法
即首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
D
Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career.”she said.
“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.”Shu said.
The best headline for this newspaper article is___________.
A. Astonishing Medicine
B. Farmer Loses Arm
C. Dangerous bites
D. Snake Doctor
四、菱形写作法
即主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。
E
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American auto workers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable society.
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?
A. General Motors is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the USA, but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American auto workers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American auto workers.
五、正方形写作法
即中心主题句隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。在这种情况下，读者要把所有的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句。
F
Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.
B. Bingham is a diligent student.
C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.
D. A good lawyer needs good education.
答案
A
1． D。从三段模式来说，在谈prints的发展史，然后第二段开始全篇涉及信鸽。
2． C。故事离奇之处就在于信鸽在现在的时代已经不起作用，然而文章本身能把信鸽作用说到妙处。
3． B。这种类型的题目也在考试中常见。往往学生需要根据一个故事推出道理。根据第二段，有效的东西，不一定是昂贵的，不一定是负载的，但永远是起作用的，就如信鸽。
4． B。细节题。
B
答案是A。文中提到的Stories about the panda. Stuffed pandas，panda postcards实际上都是细节，都是用来说明一个问题：熊猫是一种受欢迎的动物。
C
答案为A。在叙述参观了the Grand Canyon，the observatory in Flagstaff，the Phoenix area，Sun City，Tucson area，Old Tucson等细节之后，作者来了句总结性的话： Mr. and Mrs. Morals really enjoyed the sights they saw on their vacation trip in Arizona. 故A为最佳答案。
D
答案是D。作者前后两次提到Shu Pulong帮助那些被蛇咬了的人，显然D最符合短文的主题。
E
答案是C。短文主要讲的意思是：蜂拥而至的外国便宜小汽车并没有使更多的美国汽车工人下岗。主题句出现在文中。
F
全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节性的事实。因此就答案本身来看，个个都对。但作为main idea除C外，都有片面之感。文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想要告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham接受过良好的教育，所以答案是C。
编辑/孙栎栎