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目前针对结冰情形下增强驾驶员情景感知的研究比较有限,现有的手段一般为通过评估部分飞行安全关键参数是否超出其极限值来对风险事件是否发生进行预测。建立了驾驶员操纵-飞机本体-积冰影响的动力学模型,通过对单个飞行情形预测时间段内飞行参数风险度的叠加得到该情形下的飞行安全谱,并在此基础上得到该情形下的风险值。基于建立的并行飞行仿真平台,获取飞机在整个操纵范围内的风险拓扑图,即安全窗。分析了飞机在对称结冰情形和非对称结冰情形下飞行安全窗的变化,并对结冰的致灾机理进行了分析。仿真结果表明结冰导致安全飞行范围缩减,对于非对称结冰还会出现安全窗不对称的现象。安全谱的提出可以为事故的演化分析提供一种全面直观的分析方法,安全窗的构建可为飞机遭遇各种不利情形下的驾驶员操纵提供指示,也可为飞机设计人员优化飞机性能提供一定的参考。
At present, the research on enhanced driver situational awareness in the case of icing is relatively limited. The existing methods are generally to predict the occurrence of a risk event by assessing whether some of the critical flight safety parameters exceed their limits. The dynamics model of the driver manipulation-aircraft body-ice accumulation is established. The flight safety spectrum in this case is obtained through the superposition of the flight parameters risk in the prediction period of a single flight situation, and on this basis, The value of the risk. Based on the established parallel flight simulation platform, the risk topology map of the aircraft over the entire operating range is obtained, that is, the safety window. The change of flight safety window under the condition of symmetrical icing and asymmetric icing was analyzed. The mechanism of icing was analyzed. The simulation results show that the icing results in a reduction of the safe flight range and asymmetric safety window asymmetry. The proposed safety spectrum can provide a comprehensive and intuitive method for the evolutionary analysis of accidents. The construction of safety windows can provide instructions to the pilots in various unfavorable situations and also provide some suggestions to aircraft designers in optimizing aircraft performance The reference.