英语口语交际和听力训练中,经常发现说话人违反会话原则,从语用学研究看,这些违反行为大多数是说话人故意进行的。基于礼貌考虑,或者反语,或者强调,或者表达的生动性,说话人违反了合作原则或者礼貌原则中的若干次准则,从而产生了会话含义,而会话含义正是听力理解中常常需要把握的重点。 In oral English communication and listening training, it is often found that the speaker violates the principle of conversation. From the perspective of pragmatic study, most of these violations are deliberately conducted by the speaker. Based on politeness, irony, or emphasis, or the vividness of expression, the speaker violates several principles in the principle of co-operation or politeness, which leads to the conversational implicature, which is often the key point in listening comprehension .