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水稻谷蛋白突变体不仅是研究真核生物贮藏蛋白生物合成和基因表达调控的重要遗传材料,也是培育功能性专用水稻品种不可或缺的优良种质资源。近年来,随着研究的不断深入,在谷蛋白突变体的遗传变异机理和育种等研究方面取得了明显进展。该文以国内外近年来有关文献为依据,综述了谷蛋白突变体的分类及其分子生物学的研究进展,并对谷蛋白突变体与功能稻育种的关系展开了讨论。最后,结合育种实践对今后利用谷蛋白突变体进行功能性水稻选育提出建议。
Rice gluten mutants are not only the important genetic materials for studying the biosynthesis and gene expression regulation of eukaryotic storage proteins, but also the indispensable germplasm resources for cultivating functional specialty rice varieties. In recent years, with the deepening of the research, significant progresses have been made in the research on the mechanism of genetic variation and breeding of gluten mutants. In this paper, based on the literature at home and abroad in recent years, the classification and molecular biology of gluten mutants are reviewed, and the relationship between gluten mutants and functional rice breeding is discussed. Finally, combining with the practice of breeding, we proposed the suggestion of functional rice breeding using gluten mutants in the future.