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目的探讨血源性职业安全防护教育培训方法 ,建立多途径、多形式、多层次的血源性职业防护教育培训体系。方法开展多途径、多形式、多层次的职业安全防护教育培训,采用问卷调查与实地督查、提问相结合的方法对培训前后的医务人员工作行为进行比较、统计分析。结果培训后医务人员洗手、戴手套、使用备有锐器盒的治疗车、用锐器盒卡槽分离注射器针头、根据预期可能的暴露选择合适的防护用品、发生职业暴露后正确处理及时上报的依从性明显提高,系统培训前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但在接触不同患者之前洗手或手消毒、戴手套静脉穿刺抽血的依从性仍不容乐观,培训前后比较差异无统计学意义。结论多途径、多形式、多层次的血源性职业防护教育培训体系,提高了医务人员职业安全防护能力,可改变医务人员职业暴露防护态度和行为,是有效减少医务人员职业暴露的重要措施。
Objective To explore the method of bloodborne occupational safety education and training and to establish a multi-channel, multi-form and multi-level system of education and training on blood-based occupational protection. Methods To carry out multi-channel, multi-form and multi-level occupational safety education and training, and to compare and analyze the work behaviors of medical staff before and after training by using the methods of questionnaire survey, field inspection and questioning. Results After the training, the medical staff should wash their hands, wear gloves, use a sharps-equipped treatment car and separate the syringe needles with a sharps box to select the appropriate protective equipment according to the expected exposure. After proper occupational exposure, they should be properly dealt with promptly Compliance significantly improved, the difference was statistically significant before and after the system training (P <0.05), but in the contact with different patients before hand-washing or hand disinfection, compliance with gloved venous puncture blood is not optimistic, no significant difference before and after training Significance of learning. Conclusions Multi-channel, multi-modal and multi-level blood-based occupational protection education and training system can improve the occupational safety and health protection ability of medical staff and change the occupational exposure protection attitude and behavior of medical staff, which is an important measure to effectively reduce occupational exposure of medical staff.