OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Shenkang Injection combined with hemodialysis on dialysis rate and nutriture in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS: A total of 110 CRF patients admitted in the hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group was treated with hemodialysis while the observation group was additionally treated with Shenkang Injection on the treatment basis of the control group. They were treated for 4 weeks and reexamined 1 d after the treatment. Renal function, nutriture, dialysis adequacy, oxidative stress level and inflammatory factor level in the 2 groups were determined before and after the treatment, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, dialysis rate within 1 week and incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment were counted before and after the treatment. RESULTS: After the treatment, the levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the nutriture in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the dialysis rate and time average concentration of urea (TACurea) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the overall urea clearance rate (Kt/V) and protein catabolic rate (PCR) were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05) and the level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in the observation group was lower than that in the control, while the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the levels of inflammatory factors in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). No serious adverse reactions occurred in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Shenkang Injection combined with hemodialysis for the treatment of CRF can effectively improve clinical symptoms and nutriture, and reduce the dialysis rate.