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目的:探究分析儿童传染性疾病的流行特征,为儿童传染性疾病的防治工作提高参考。方法:回顾性分析2014年2月至2016年2月,在东莞市黄江镇医疗机构接受治疗的460例传染性疾病患儿的临床资料,分析儿童传染性疾病的流行特征。结果:2014年2月至2016年2月,东莞市黄江镇医疗机构共接诊并诊断为儿童传染性疾病460例,其中2014年接诊216例,2015年接诊244例。其中手足口、感染性胃肠炎、传染性单核细胞增多症、水痘、寻常疣的发病率最高;不同年龄组的高发传染病构成比,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同月份的水痘和寻常疣发病比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);其余高发疾病的不同月份构成比,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床高发传染病有手足口病、感染性胃肠炎、传染性单核细胞增多症、水痘等,临床需要掌握传染疾病的流行特征,加强预防保健工作。
Objective: To explore and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in children and to improve the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods: The clinical data of 460 cases of infectious diseases in Huangjiang Town, Dongguan City from February 2014 to February 2016 were analyzed retrospectively to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in children. Results: From February 2014 to February 2016, 460 cases of infectious diseases of children were admitted and diagnosed in Huangjiang Town, Dongguan City, including 216 cases in 2014 and 244 cases in 2015. The incidence of hand-foot-mouth, infectious gastroenteritis, infectious mononucleosis, chickenpox and verruca vulgaris was the highest. The incidence of infectious diseases in different age groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05) ). There was no significant difference in the incidence of chickenpox and verruca vulgaris between different months (P> 0.05). The compositional ratios of the other high incidence diseases in different months were statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Hand-foot-mouth disease, infectious gastroenteritis, infectious mononucleosis and varicella are the major clinical infectious diseases. The epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases need to be mastered clinically, and prevention and care work should be strengthened.