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本文首先回顾了黑色浪漫文学成为文学术语的过程和近年的研究状况,在正文部分中将黑色浪漫文学视为1800年前后的一种新的文学现象和审美倾向,并将其置于德国启蒙运动晚期的时代背景下考察。本文的主要观点是:启蒙时期发生心理学上的重要转折,心理学摆脱了形而上学的支配,向自然科学靠拢。人的心灵不再是笛卡尔哲学中与身体完全对立、永恒不变的实体,而是分裂为白昼的一面和黑夜的一面、有意识的部分和无意识部分,这种动态的、变化的心灵因此成为科学观察、实验的对象。这一新的心理模型联结了启蒙思想和黑色浪漫文学。在这个意义上,黑色浪漫文学亦是启蒙运动的一部分,延续了启蒙的理想,即探索未知的黑暗领域;但与此同时,黑色浪漫文学也对这一启蒙理念和心理学研究进行深刻的反思和质疑。
This paper first reviews the process of black romantic literature becoming a literary term and the status of recent studies. In the body part, black romantic literature is regarded as a new literary phenomenon and aesthetic tendency before and after 1800, which is placed in the German Enlightenment Late period background inspection. The main point of this paper is: During the Enlightenment, an important psychological turning point occurred. Psychology got rid of metaphysics and moved closer to the natural sciences. The human mind is no longer an entity that is diametrically opposed to and eternal in Descartes’ philosophy, but divides into a day and a night, a conscious part and an unconscious part. This dynamic and changing mind thus becomes Scientific observation, the object of the experiment. This new mental model links enlightenment with black romantic literature. In this sense, black romantic literature is also part of the Enlightenment, continuing the ideal of enlightenment, that is, exploring the unknown dark areas; but at the same time, the black romantic literature also profoundly reflects on this enlightenment concept and psychology research And questioning.