一、引言十年前日本科学家Kawal发现拉伸后的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF),再经极化,会显示出很强的压电性。后来,美国科学家又观察到聚偏氟乙烯的极化薄膜还具有较高的热释电性。利用压电性和热释电性,聚偏氟乙烯可作为功能材料应用于机电和热电换能器,所以愈来愈引起人们的兴趣。日本和美国在这方面的研究开始得最早,现在苏联、德国、法国、英国对聚偏氟乙烯 I. INTRODUCTION Ten years ago, Japanese scientist Kawal discovered that stretched polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), after polarization, will show strong piezoelectricity. Later, American scientists also observed that polyvinylidene fluoride polarization film also has a higher pyroelectricity. With piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity, polyvinylidene fluoride can be used as a functional material in electromechanical and thermoelectric transducers, so more and more people are interested. Japan and the United States in the earliest research in this area, and now the Soviet Union, Germany, France, Britain on polyvinylidene fluoride