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目的通过对新疆麻疹发病情况进行分析,掌握全疆麻疹流行病学特征和发病规律,为制定和调整麻疹的防制措施提供科学依据。方法对新疆2000~2002年的麻疹病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果2000~2002年全疆共报告麻疹疑似病例4 823例,其中临床诊断4 561例,实验室确诊114例,实验室排除148例,年平均发病率一直徘徊在18/10万左右。春季高发,0~15岁儿童为重点发病对象,病例波及范围大,全疆占80%的县(市、区)有麻疹病例报告,城市多为散发,农村多为点状暴发;17.04%的报告病例无免疫史,45.53%免疫史不详。结论分析相关年龄麻疹病例的免疫史,说明常规免疫工作存在一些问题,要着重提高麻疹疫苗接种的及时性和接种质量。一些监测指标,如报告及时率、病例调查率、标本采集率等有待提高。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of measles in Xinjiang, master the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenesis of measles in Xinjiang, and provide a scientific basis for the establishment and adjustment of measles prevention measures. Methods The epidemiological analysis of measles cases in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2002 was performed. Results A total of 4 823 suspected measles cases were reported in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2002, of which 4 561 were diagnosed clinically, 114 were laboratory diagnosed, and 148 were excluded from the laboratory. The average annual incidence rate hovered around 18/10 million. High incidence in spring, 0-15 years old children as the focus of the incidence of cases, cases spread to a large area, Xinjiang accounted for 80% of the counties (cities, districts) have measles case reports, mostly urban distribution, punctuated mostly rural areas; 17.04% Reported cases without immunization history, 45.53% history of immunization is unknown. Conclusion The analysis of immunization history of measles cases of related ages shows that there are some problems in routine immunization work, and the timeliness and inoculation quality of measles vaccination should be emphasized. Some monitoring indicators, such as timely reporting rate, case investigation rate, specimen collection rate to be improved.