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目的调查2009年石柱县少年儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)的发病率。方法对重庆市石柱县的6个乡镇及县城的16个中、小学校及幼儿园,共12 014名3～15岁少年儿童进行了健康体检及CHD初筛,筛查出有心脏杂音者进一步行心脏彩色多普勒超声检查,以筛查CHD患儿。结果有心脏杂音者217例(18.06‰),其中患有各型CHD 70例(占心脏杂音者32.26%),总人群各型CHD患病率为5.83‰。其中室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭的检出率位居前3位,分别为16例(22.86%)、9例(12.86%)和9例(12.86%);不同年龄段CHD的检出率有所不同,3～5岁年幼儿童的检出率明显高于9～15岁年长儿童。结论对少年儿童进行CHD普查是发现及彻底根治CHD、降低CHD病死率的有效方法。
Objective To investigate the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children in Shizhu County in 2009. Methods A total of 12 014 children aged 3-15 years from 16 primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in 6 villages and towns in Shizhu County of Chongqing Municipality and in primary and secondary schools in the county were tested for primary health checkup and CHD screening. Color Doppler ultrasound to screen CHD children. Results 217 cases of heart murmur (18.06 ‰), of which 70 cases of various types of CHD (accounting for 32.26% of heart murmurs), the total population CHD prevalence was 5.83 ‰. Among them, the detection rate of ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus was the top three, which were 16 cases (22.86%), 9 cases (12.86%) and 9 cases (12.86% The detection rate of 3 ~ 5 years old children was significantly higher than that of 9 ~ 15 years old children. Conclusion CHD screening of children and adolescents is to find and completely cure CHD and reduce CHD mortality is an effective method.