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随着高旁路涡扇发动机在军用、民用飞机上的应用,采用超塑成形/扩散连接(SPF/DB)技术制造大尺寸钛合金宽弦风扇叶片已经成为涡扇发动机的一项关键制造技术。钛合金空心风扇叶片的成形过程包括3个阶段:扭转成形、热成形、超塑成形。在本研究中,为了分析空心风扇叶片的成形过程,建立了一个三维有限元模型,钛合金的变形行为符合Backofen方程。通过三维有限元模型,分析扭转速率、热成形模具下落速度、超塑成形目标应变速率、板材与模具之间的摩擦系数、芯板和面板的厚度比等参数对成形力的影响规律。研究表明,随着扭转速度、热成形模具的下落速度、目标应变速率、板材厚度比的提高,成形力将提高,而摩擦系数对成形力的影响很小。
With the application of high-bypass turbofan engines in military and civilian aircraft, the manufacture of large-size titanium alloy wide-chord fan blades using superplastic forming / diffusion bonding (SPF / DB) technology has become a key manufacturing technique for turbofan engines . Titanium alloy hollow fan blade forming process includes three stages: reverse forming, thermoforming, superplastic forming. In this study, in order to analyze the forming process of hollow fan blades, a three-dimensional finite element model was established. The deformation behavior of titanium alloy was in accordance with the Backofen equation. Through the three-dimensional finite element model, the influence of the parameters such as torsional rate, falling speed of hot forming die, superplastic forming target strain rate, friction coefficient between plate and die, thickness ratio of core plate and panel on forming force was analyzed. The results show that the forming force will increase with the increase of the torsional speed, the falling speed of the thermoformed mold, the target strain rate and the thickness ratio of the sheet, while the influence of the friction coefficient on the forming force is small.