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数值试验方法可为选择最佳形状风轮翼型和风轮尺寸,使风力机具有优异的空气动力特性提供试验依据。完善并依据计算流体动力学理论和相似理论,以风力机风轮作为研究对象,研究数值试验技术。建立考虑地形和风剪切效应影响的风电场风速湍流数学模型,利用相似理论构建风电场三维数值试验,并通过计算流体动力学软件Fluent实现,用户自定义函数(user-defined function,UDF)技术定义风力机动态风速及数值试验边界条件。研究风力机风轮的气动性能,模拟风轮在空气动力作用下的风轮表面压力、风轮转速、力矩时程等气动力作用参数。研究结果表明:利用数值试验和现场实测2种方法得到的风轮气动动态特性随时间的变化趋势具有相似性。
The numerical test method can provide the experimental basis for selecting the best shape of the rotor blades and the size of the rotor so that the turbine has excellent aerodynamic characteristics. Based on the computational fluid dynamics theory and the similar theory, the wind turbine is studied as a research object and the numerical experiment technique is studied. A mathematical model of wind speed and turbulence in wind farms considering the effects of topography and wind shear is established. Three-dimensional numerical experiments of wind farms are constructed based on the similarity theory. The computational fluid dynamics software Fluent is used to realize the user-defined function (UDF) Wind turbine dynamic wind speed and numerical test boundary conditions. The aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine is studied, and the aerodynamic parameters such as the rotor surface pressure, rotor speed and moment duration are simulated under the action of aerodynamics. The results show that the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine obtained by the two methods of numerical experiment and field measurement have similar trend with time.