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功能性言语是话语中不可分割的一部分,是由语篇中标识话语组织结构、作者对命题和读者的态度、标识作者与读者以及互文信息的再现等语言标记构成。这些标记被称之为功能性言语标记,是语言使用者不断做出语言选择、对自身言语行为的一种自反体现。具体分为三类:语篇功能性言语标记、人际功能性言语标记和互文功能性言语标记。从元语用的角度看,功能性言语标记是语言使用者有意识的策略选择,体现出较强的元语用意识。
Functional speech is an integral part of discourse. It consists of the organizational structure of the discourse, the author’s attitude towards the proposition and the reader, the language of the author and the reader, and the reproduction of the intertextual information. These marks are called functional speech marks, which are the self-reflexive expressions of language choices made by language users on their own speech acts. Specifically divided into three categories: discourse functional speech markers, interpersonal functional speech markers and intertextual functional speech markers. From the perspective of metacognition, functional speech markup is a conscious strategy choice of language users, which shows strong meta-awareness.