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两宋时期,辽、金以及蒙古相继与宋形成对峙。此外,北宋时西北的西夏又使北方地区形成长期三足鼎立之势;南方的交趾、大理等国的侵扰使宋不得不严守国境。在这样的状况下,宋从“八尺方床”收缩为“行军帆布床”~①,这当然指的是疆域的变化,而疆域变化的背后,更是国际格局的变化:“其他诸国与宋国,其实不是边陲的外在‘他者’,而毋宁是互为他者,共存于同一国际格局之中”~②,使得宋的对外关系主要模式从“朝贡体系”转
Two Song Dynasty, Liao, Jin and Mongolia have formed a confrontation with Song. In addition, when the Northern Song Dynasty, Xixia in the northwest formed a long-term tripartite confrontation in the north. Intrusion by the Cochin and Dali countries in the south made Song strictly obey the national boundaries. Under such circumstances, Song contracted from “eight-foot square bed” to “marching canvas bed.” This of course refers to the change of territory. Behind the change of territory, moreover, the change of the international pattern is: “Other countries and the Song Dynasty are not in fact the external ’other’s’ of the border area, but rather the other one living side by side with the same international pattern.” System "turn